Eves Reader in Food Management , Head of Hospitality and Food School of Hospitality and Tourism Management

An adequate sample is required in studies to give acceptable power levels and generalizability. Timeliness is also at issue, hence a number of approaches are used to increase speed of recruitment and sample sizes, including incentives (Jerosch-Herold et al, 2011). Draper et al (2009) also noted that to do high quality research necessitates recruitment of sufficient participants if conclusions are to be drawn, and questioned the morality of conducting research with low numbers of participants. A number of studies have looked at the use of incentives in clinical trials, rather less in relation to other forms of research. Controversy still exists over the form and level of incentive, and also whether ‘reward’ is considered as incentive or compensation (Mduluza et al, 2013).